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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">National Grid</span></h1>
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<table class="toccolours infobox float-right toptextcells vorlage-infobox-unternehmen" style="font-size:90%; max-width:25em; margin-top:0;" summary="Infobox Unternehmen">

<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe5" style="font-size:110%;">National Grid plc.
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="notheme" style="background:#f8f9fa; color:#202122; padding:1em 0;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Rechtsform" title="Rechtsform">Rechtsform</a>
</td>
<td><a href="Aktiengesellschaft_(Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktiengesellschaft (Vereinigtes Königreich)">Aktiengesellschaft</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Internationale_Wertpapierkennnummer" title="Internationale Wertpapierkennnummer">ISIN</a>
</td>
<td><a class="external text" href="https://iw.toolforge.org/isin?language=de&amp;isin=GB00BDR05C01">GB00BDR05C01</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Gr%C3%BCndung_(Recht)" title="Gründung (Recht)">Gründung</a>
</td>
<td>1990
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Sitz_(juristische_Person)" title="Sitz (juristische Person)">Sitz</a>
</td>
<td><a href="London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich">Vereinigtes Königreich</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Unternehmensf%C3%BChrung" title="Unternehmensführung">Leitung</a>
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>Sir Peter Gershon, <a href="Chair_of_the_Board" title="Chair of the Board">Chairman</a></li></ul>
<ul><li>John Pettigrew, <a href="CEO" class="mw-redirect" title="CEO">CEO</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Mitarbeiter" title="Mitarbeiter">Mitarbeiterzahl</a>
</td>
<td>22.576<sup id="cite_ref-ar2019_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ar2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Erl%C3%B6s" title="Erlös">Umsatz</a>
</td>
<td>14,933 Mrd. <a href="Pfund_Sterling" title="Pfund Sterling">GBP</a><sup id="cite_ref-ar2019_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ar2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>ca. 17,22 Mrd. EUR
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="Wirtschaftszweig" title="Wirtschaftszweig">Branche</a>
</td>
<td><a href="Energieversorgung" title="Energieversorgung">Energieversorgung</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="font-weight:bold;">Website
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgrid.com">www.nationalgrid.com</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="font-size:80%;">Stand: 31.&nbsp;März 2019
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></div>


<p><b>National Grid plc</b> (bis 2005 <i>National Grid Transco plc</i>) ist ein börsennotierter britischer <a href="%C3%9Cbertragungsnetzbetreiber" title="Übertragungsnetzbetreiber">Übertragungsnetzbetreiber</a> mit Sitz in <a href="London" title="London">London</a>.
</p><p>National Grid besitzt die <a href="%C3%9Cbertragungsnetz" class="mw-redirect" title="Übertragungsnetz">Übertragungsnetze</a> in England und betreibt <a href="Stromnetz" title="Stromnetz">Strom-</a> und Gasnetze in <a href="Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich">Großbritannien</a>, den <a href="Vereinigte_Staaten" title="Vereinigte Staaten">Vereinigten Staaten</a> und in <a href="Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a>. Vorwiegend ist National Grid in Großbritannien tätig. Das Tochterunternehmen <a href="National_Grid_USA" title="National Grid USA">National Grid USA</a> ist im <a href="S%26P_500" title="S&amp;P 500">S&amp;P 500</a> gelistet.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2></div>
<p>Die Ursprünge des National Grid gehen auf ein Gesetz von 1926 zurück, das die Schaffung eines nationalen Verbundnetzes anordnete. Zu der Zeit bestand die englische Stromversorgung aus abgegrenzten Versorgungsgebieten lokaler Netzbetreiber mit unterschiedlichen <a href="Netzspannung" title="Netzspannung">Netzspannungen</a>, <a href="Netzfrequenz" title="Netzfrequenz">Netzfrequenzen</a> und teilweise sogar <a href="Gleichstrom" title="Gleichstrom">Gleichstrom</a>.
</p><p>1927 wurde das Central Electricity Board unter der Leitung von <a href="Andrew_Rae_Duncan" title="Andrew Rae Duncan">Andrew Rae Duncan</a> gegründet. 1928 begann der Aufbau eines 132-kV-Stromnetzes, das bereits als <i>National Grid</i> bezeichnet wurde.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>

<p>National Grid plc entstand 1990 aus der Aufspaltung des Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB). Die Aktien von National Grid wurden an die 12 regionalen Energieversorger in <a href="England" title="England">England</a> verteilt. Am 11. Dezember 1995 wurden die Aktien erstmals an der <a href="London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a> gehandelt. Die 12 ursprünglichen Aktionäre haben die meisten ihrer Aktien innerhalb eines Jahres über die Börse verkauft.
</p><p>Das Übertragungsnetz der britischen Hauptinsel wurde ab 1999 als <b>UKTSOA</b> (UK Transmission System Operators Association) bezeichnet, bis zur Eingliederung in den <a href="Verband_Europ%C3%A4ischer_%C3%9Cbertragungsnetzbetreiber" title="Verband Europäischer Übertragungsnetzbetreiber">Verband Europäischer Übertragungsnetzbetreiber</a> (ENTSO-E) 2009.
</p><p>In den 2000er Jahren erfolgte der Einstieg in den US-amerikanischen Markt durch die Übernahme von mehreren <a href="Energieversorger" class="mw-redirect" title="Energieversorger">Energieversorgern</a> im Nordosten der USA (z.&nbsp;B. Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, seinerzeit Bauherr des <a href="Kernkraftwerk_Nine_Mile_Point" title="Kernkraftwerk Nine Mile Point">Kernkraftwerk Nine Mile Point</a>).
</p><p>2007 begann National Grid ein <a href="Joint_Venture" title="Joint Venture">Joint Venture</a> mit <a href="TenneT" class="mw-redirect" title="TenneT">TenneT</a> zur Verlegung und zum Betrieb des Seekabels <a href="BritNed" title="BritNed">BritNed</a>.
</p><p>Im Juli 2019 vollendete National Grid die Übernahme des Wind- und Sonnenenergie-Entwicklers Geronimo Energy, der seitdem unter <i>National Grid Renewables</i> firmiert.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Nach dem <a href="Brexit" class="mw-redirect" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> 2021 verbleibt nur der nordirische <i>System Operator for Northern Ireland Ltd</i> (SONI)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> als ENTSO-E Mitglied. Die drei ausgeschiedenen Betreiber des Netzes auf der Hauptinsel Großbritannien (National Grid Electricity Transmission sowie in Schottland <a href="SSE_plc" title="SSE plc">SSE plc</a> und <a href="ScottishPower" title="ScottishPower">ScottishPower</a>) bilden den <b>National Grid Electricity System Operator</b> (NGESO), der täglich 730 GWh überträgt<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und für 2025 <i>Zero Carbon</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> anstrebt, wobei Atomenergie als kohlenstofffrei gerechnet wird.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-ar2019-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ar2019_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ar2019_1-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://investors.nationalgrid.com/~/media/Files/N/National-Grid-IR-V2/reports/2018-19/ng-annual-report-and-accounts-2018-19.pdf"><i>Geschäftsbericht 2018/19</i></a>, abgerufen am 26. Juli 2019</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629091025/http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-chl/w-places_collections/w-collections-main/w-collections-highlights/w-collections-lighting-electricity.html"><i>Lighting by electricity.</i></a> <a href="National_Trust_for_Places_of_Historic_Interest_or_Natural_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty">The National Trust</a>, archiviert vom <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r250917974">
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</style><span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaltrust.org.uk%2Fmain%2Fw-chl%2Fw-places_collections%2Fw-collections-main%2Fw-collections-highlights%2Fw-collections-lighting-electricity.html">Original</a></span> am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">29.&nbsp;Juni 2011</span><span>;</span><span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 24.&nbsp;September 2022</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Grid&amp;rft.title=Lighting+by+electricity&amp;rft.description=Lighting+by+electricity&amp;rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20110629091025%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaltrust.org.uk%2Fmain%2Fw-chl%2Fw-places_collections%2Fw-collections-main%2Fw-collections-highlights%2Fw-collections-lighting-electricity.html&amp;rft.publisher=%5B%5BNational+Trust+for+Places+of+Historic+Interest+or+Natural+Beauty%7CThe+National+Trust%5D%5D&amp;rft.date=&amp;rft.source=http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-chl/w-places_collections/w-collections-main/w-collections-highlights/w-collections-lighting-electricity.html">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090304090017/http://www.competition-commission.org.uk/rep_pub/reports/1987/fulltext/214c03.pdf"><i>The electricity supply industry and the Central Electricity Generating Board.</i></a> UK Competition Commission, 1987, archiviert vom <span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.competition-commission.org.uk%2Frep_pub%2Freports%2F1987%2Ffulltext%2F214c03.pdf">Original</a></span> am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">4.&nbsp;März 2009</span><span>;</span><span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 24.&nbsp;September 2022</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Grid&amp;rft.title=The+electricity+supply+industry+and+the+Central+Electricity+Generating+Board&amp;rft.description=The+electricity+supply+industry+and+the+Central+Electricity+Generating+Board&amp;rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20090304090017%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.competition-commission.org.uk%2Frep_pub%2Freports%2F1987%2Ffulltext%2F214c03.pdf%23&amp;rft.publisher=UK+Competition+Commission&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.source=http://www.competition-commission.org.uk/rep_pub/reports/1987/fulltext/214c03.pdf">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgrid.com/stories/grid-at-work/national-grid-completes-acquisition-geronimo-energy">https://www.nationalgrid.com/stories/grid-at-work/national-grid-completes-acquisition-geronimo-energy</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.entsoe.eu/about/inside-entsoe/members/">https://www.entsoe.eu/about/inside-entsoe/members/</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgrideso.com/who-we-are/what-we-do">https://www.nationalgrideso.com/who-we-are/what-we-do</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgrideso.com/future-energy">https://www.nationalgrideso.com/future-energy</a></span>
</li>
</ol>
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<a href="Halma_plc" title="Halma plc">Halma</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Hargreaves_Lansdown" title="Hargreaves Lansdown">Hargreaves Lansdown</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Hikma_Pharmaceuticals" title="Hikma Pharmaceuticals">Hikma Pharmaceuticals</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Hiscox" title="Hiscox">Hiscox</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Howdens_Joinery" title="Howdens Joinery">Howdens Joinery</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="IMI_plc" title="IMI plc">IMI plc</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Imperial_Brands" title="Imperial Brands">Imperial Brands</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Informa" title="Informa">Informa</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="InterContinental_Hotels_Group" title="InterContinental Hotels Group">InterContinental Hotels Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Intermediate_Capital_Group" title="Intermediate Capital Group">Intermediate Capital Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="International_Airlines_Group" title="International Airlines Group">International Airlines Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Intertek" title="Intertek">Intertek Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="J_Sainsbury" title="J Sainsbury">J Sainsbury</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="JD_Sports" title="JD Sports">JD Sports</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Kingfisher_plc" title="Kingfisher plc">Kingfisher</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Land_Securities" title="Land Securities">Land Securities Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Legal_%26_General" title="Legal &amp; General">Legal &amp; General</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Lloyds_Banking_Group" title="Lloyds Banking Group">Lloyds Banking Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="LondonMetric_Property" title="LondonMetric Property">LondonMetric Property</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="M%26G" title="M&amp;G">M&amp;G</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Marks_%26_Spencer" title="Marks &amp; Spencer">Marks &amp; Spencer</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Melrose_Industries" title="Melrose Industries">Melrose Industries</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Mondi" title="Mondi">Mondi plc</a>&nbsp;|
<a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Grid</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="National_Westminster_Bank" title="National Westminster Bank">NatWest</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Next_Group" title="Next Group">Next</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Pearson_(Unternehmen)" title="Pearson (Unternehmen)">Pearson</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Pershing_Square_Holdings" title="Pershing Square Holdings">Pershing Square Holdings</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Persimmon_plc" title="Persimmon plc">Persimmon plc</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Phoenix_Group_Holdings" title="Phoenix Group Holdings">Phoenix Group Holdings</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Reckitt_(Unternehmen)" title="Reckitt (Unternehmen)">Reckitt Benckiser</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="RELX_Group" title="RELX Group">RELX</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Rentokil_Initial" title="Rentokil Initial">Rentokil Initial</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Rightmove" title="Rightmove">Rightmove</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Rio_Tinto_Group" title="Rio Tinto Group">Rio Tinto Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Rolls-Royce_Group" title="Rolls-Royce Group">Rolls-Royce Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Sage_Group" title="Sage Group">Sage Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Schroders" title="Schroders">Schroders</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Scottish_Mortgage_Investment_Trust" title="Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust">Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Segro" title="Segro">Segro</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Severn_Trent" title="Severn Trent">Severn Trent</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Smith_%26_Nephew" title="Smith &amp; Nephew">Smith &amp; Nephew</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Smiths_Group" title="Smiths Group">Smiths Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Spirax-Sarco_Engineering" title="Spirax-Sarco Engineering">Spirax Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="SSE_plc" title="SSE plc">SSE</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Standard_Chartered_Bank" title="Standard Chartered Bank">Standard Chartered</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Taylor_Wimpey" title="Taylor Wimpey">Taylor Wimpey</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Unite_Group" title="Unite Group">Unite Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="United_Utilities" title="United Utilities">United Utilities</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Vistry_Group" title="Vistry Group">Vistry Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Vodafone_Group" title="Vodafone Group">Vodafone Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Weir_Group" title="Weir Group">Weir Group</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="Whitbread" title="Whitbread">Whitbread</a>&nbsp;|
<a href="WPP_Group" title="WPP Group">WPP Group</a>
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